Pengambilalihan Hak Waris Tanah oleh Pihak yang Tidak Berhak: Analisis Normatif Terhadap Perlindungan Hukum dan Kepastian Hak Atas Tanah di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71094/jhb.v1i2.105Keywords:
Inheritance Rights Takeover, Unauthorized Parties, Legal CertaintyAbstract
Inheritance law is part of civil law that regulates the transfer of a deceased person's assets to their legal heirs. In national law, inheritance is regulated in Book II of the Civil Code and Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning the Basic Agrarian Law. However, in practice, there are often cases of inheritance rights being taken over by unauthorized parties through various means, such as document forgery, abuse of power, and illegal land seizure. This situation gives rise to violations of the rights of legitimate heirs and legal uncertainty in the field of land. This study uses a normative legal method with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach. Data were obtained through a literature study of relevant regulations, legal doctrines, and court decisions, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that the takeover of inheritance rights by unauthorized parties is an unlawful act under Article 1365 of the Civil Code and can result in criminal liability, especially in relation to forgery, embezzlement of land rights, or land grabbing. Legal protection for legitimate heirs can be pursued through civil, criminal, or administrative channels, including through the mechanism of blocking or canceling certificates at the National Land Agency (BPN). The government has also formed an Anti-Land Mafia Task Force as a preventive measure. This study emphasizes the importance of public legal awareness regarding the registration of inherited land and the role of the state in ensuring legal certainty, justice, and benefits as mandated by Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution.
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