Analisis Sistem dan Kelayakan Instalasi Listrik Sekolah SMKN 1 Narmada

Abstract

Electrical installation is a vital component in supporting teaching and learning activities in a school environment. A good installation system not only ensures the smooth distribution of electrical power, but also guarantees safety, reliability, and energy efficiency. This study aims to analyze the electrical installation system and evaluate its feasibility at SMKN 1 Narmada School. The analysis was conducted by combining a descriptive approach regarding the installed electrical installation system, including lighting installations, power installations, distribution panels, and protection components, with a feasibility evaluation based on the General Requirements for Electrical Installations (PUIL 2011) standards. The research methods used were direct observation, interviews, and field measurements using standard electrical test equipment, such as a megger for insulation resistance testing and an earth tester for grounding resistance testing. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively with an emphasis on compliance with the PUIL 2011 standards related to installation equipment, conductor cross-sections, protection systems, insulation resistance, and grounding systems. The results of the study indicate that the electrical installation system at SMKN 1 Narmada generally meets the school's operational needs, both for classroom lighting and laboratory equipment power supply. However, several findings indicated that some installation components did not meet standards, particularly the unbalanced load distribution between phases and the safety features, some of which had deteriorated due to age. Based on the feasibility evaluation, approximately 70% of the installations were deemed feasible, while 30% required repair or replacement to meet PUIL 2011 requirements. Therefore, it can be concluded that the electrical installations at SMKN 1 Narmada are generally functioning well, but still require regular maintenance and repairs to some components to meet safety and efficiency standards. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the school in managing electrical installations and as a consideration in planning improvements to the quality of electrical infrastructure in educational environments.