Analisis Fitur Semantik Dalam Bebadeqan Bahasa Sasak

Abstract

This study aims to describe the semantic features that construct meaning in bebade’an of the Sasak language and to explain the mechanisms of meaning formation from a semantic perspective. Bebade’an is a form of traditional riddle that disguises certain objects or concepts through metaphorical expressions rooted in the life experiences and cultural background of the Sasak community. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data consisting of bebade’an texts in the Sasak language obtained from written documentation and the oral knowledge of native speakers. Data were collected using the observation method with tapping, non-participatory observation, and note-taking techniques. Data analysis applies the intralingual and extralingual referential methods as formulated by Mahsun. The intralingual method is used to examine semantic relations among linguistic elements within the bebade’an, while the extralingual method is employed to interpret meaning by considering cultural context and the social experiences of the Sasak community. The results show that the meanings of bebade’an are constructed through the systematic use of various semantic features, including body parts, physical shape, position, function, process, movement, behavior, color, size, number, texture, kinship relations, as well as situational and environmental aspects. These features function as a bridge between the riddle text and its intended meaning or answer. The findings indicate that bebade’an in the Sasak language serves not only as a form of entertainment but also as a reflection of the worldview, knowledge system, and local wisdom of the Sasak people. This study is expected to contribute theoretically to the development of regional language semantics and practically to the preservation of Sasak oral traditions.